Family Dynamics and Support Networks in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a psychopathology whose symptoms manifest in the first 36 months of life, with a concentration in three major areas, language, social interaction and behavior. Even in the mildest grades, there are family implications, changes in the routine of those involved and the need for social and professional support. This article presents the results of a study conducted with mothers of children diagnosed with ASD about family dynamics after diagnosis and the role of support networks. A qualitative descriptive-exploratory research was carried out, using semi-structured interviews with five mothers appointed by the Association of Parents, Friends and Professionals of the Autistic of Tocantins, whose children had been diagnosed within a minimum of six and a maximum of thirty and six months. For data analysis, content analysis with thematic axes was used. Among the results, a significant change in family dynamics with restructuring of the routine and restriction of social living environments; in the support networks, the role of the professionals involved, as well as the groups of mothers of children with the disorder, was highlighted. It was evident that both the child and the family need monitoring, support and guidance.

Keywords: Family. Diagnosis. Psychopathology. Professional. Autism.