Prevalência de Acinetobacter baumannii resistente aos carbapenêmicos isolado de amostras de aspirado traqueal de pacientes hospitalizados

Abstract

Introduction: The pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium that is generally related to healthcare-associated infections and has shown resistance to several antimicrobials. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from tracheal aspirate samples from hospitalized patients and its distribution by gender and hospitalization sector. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study carried out by collecting data from tracheal aspirate cultures from hospitalized patients in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from January 2020 to December 2022. Results: Among the 651 cultures analyzed, 236 (36.25%) were Acinetobacter baumannii strains, of which 94.92% (224) were resistant to the tested carbapenems (meropenem and imipenem). It is noteworthy that 98.46%, 93.39% and 93.84% of Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated, respectively, in the years 2020, 2021 and 2022, were resistant to carbapenems. These strains were more prevalent in male patients and in patients admitted to the intensive care center. Conclusion: The high prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is worrying and highlights the need for actions to optimize hospital infection control and strategies for the rational use of antibiotics.