Survival rate of premature babies in a medium-sized municipality in the south of Brazil

Abstract

Objective: to define the survival rate of premature babies under 32 weeks and analyze the main causes of death, identifying whether cases have a higher prevalence of a given complication. Methodology: exploratory and descriptive research, with a quantitative approach, based on data contained in Death Certificates and Live Birth Declarations, available at the Epidemiological Surveillance Division of Cascavel-PR, from 2018 to 2022. Results: There were 330 births and 90 deaths in this period, resulting in an estimated 79% survival rate, which is equivalent to 240 people alive. Regarding the description of death diagnoses, we have the prevalence of Specific Respiratory Disorders of the Neonatal Period, which were mentioned 27 times, with Respiratory Failure of the Newborn as the main cause (15 times). Conclusion, in extremely premature babies, born up to 30 weeks of gestation, the risk of death is high, demonstrating that of those born from 22 to 24 weeks of gestation over a period of 5 years in the municipality of Cascavel, 28 babies were born, and of these, 24 died , so the mortality rate is 857.14 (per thousand live births), that is, 85.7% of these died. Given the above, there is a clear need to expand this study.