Characterization and Prevalence of Comorbidities among Older Adults in Homes for the Aged in Southwestern Goiás, Brazil

Abstract

Rapid population aging in Brazil is increasing the demand for continuous care, placing Homes for the Aged (ILPs) at the center of support for older adults. Understanding the profile of residents and the impact of comorbidities on quality of life and autonomy is essential to ensuring dignified aging. This study characterized the clinical-functional profile and the prevalence of comorbidities among residents of two ILPs in southwestern Goiás, Brazil. This retrospective observational study reviewed medical records and applied a multidimensional assessment using standardized scales. Systemic arterial hypertension was observed as the most prevalent condition, with high cardiometabolic multimorbidity, frequent cognitive impairment, pronounced polypharmacy, particularly psychotropics, and salient functional risks. These results support person-centered, interdisciplinary care; structured medication review with judicious deprescribing; exercise and rehabilitation programs; and serial cognitive-functional screening with standardized scales to strengthen monitoring and prevent adverse outcomes in ILPs.