Impact of HPV Vaccination on Cervical Cancer Mortality in Brazil: An Epidemiological Analysis

Authors

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection worldwide and represents the main risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. HPV vaccination was introduced as a preventive strategy; however, its effectiveness in reducing mortality still requires detailed epidemiological evaluation. This observational, retrospective, and quantitative study used data from DATASUS (SIM and SI-PNI) via TabNet to analyze cervical cancer mortality (ICD-10: C53) and HPV vaccination coverage in pre-vaccine (2005–2014) and post-vaccine (2015–2023) periods, stratified by year, region, state, and age group. An increase in deaths was observed, from 50,023 to 58,506, with an average annual variation of 1.88% and 2.54%, respectively. The Southeast region concentrated the highest number of cases, followed by the Northeast, and the 50–59-year age group was the most affected. It is concluded that although vaccination represents a major preventive advance, its effectiveness depends on expanding vaccine coverage, strengthening screening programs, and reducing regional inequalities in access to healthcare.

Author Biographies

Ana Giullia de Alencar Araújo, Faculdade Estácio IDOMED de Juazeiro do Norte (FMJ)

Graduanda em Medicina, na Faculdade de Medicina Estácio IDOMED (FMJ), Juazeiro do Norte, CE.

Izadora Pala Toledo , Universidad de Buenos Aires

Graduanda em Medicina, na Universidad de Buenos Aires - Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Jaqueline Pires Soares Hirata, Faculdade de Enfermagem Nova Esperança de Mossoró, Facene- RN

Graduanda em Medicina, na Faculdade de Enfermagem Nova Esperança de Mossoró, Facene- RN.

Laura Marães Paes, Faculdade de Medicina de Campos (FMC), Campos dos Goytacazes (RJ

Graduanda em Medicina, na Faculdade de Medicina de Campos (FMC), Campos dos Goytacazes (RJ). 

Maria Alice de Oliveira Martins , Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Recife (PE).

Graduanda em Medicina, na Universidade Católica de Pernambuco (UNICAP), Recife (PE).

Emanuela Lira Milhomem, Centro Universitário do Pará - CESUPA, Belém, Pará, Brasil.

Graduação em Farmácia Generalista e Pós-graduada em Farmácia Clínica pelo Centro Universitário do Pará - CESUPA, Belém, Pará, Brasil.  Graduanda em Medicina pelo Centro Universitário Metropolitano da Amazônia - UNIFAMAZ, Belém, Pará, Brasil.

Published

2026-09-15